How Paintings was built
Raw game files read
blocktypes/wood/painting.json
Processing
blocktypes/wood/painting.json's variant groups are expanded into every concrete
painting code (one per subject × direction). This is a full walk of that one file's variants, not
a recipe/drop-derived index -- paintings have no recipe and no drop table in survival (worldgen
placement, creative mode, or trade are the only ways to get one), so they'd never appear in the
main item index otherwise. They get their own dedicated catalog instead.
Which structures contain a given painting code is the same coarse "somewhere in the schematic's block-code dictionary" match every item page's "Found in structures" section uses -- see the structures source page.